In the metallurgical industry: rare earth metal or fluorides, silicides added steel, refining can play, desulfurization, and low-melting impurities deleterious effects, and may improve the processing properties of steel; rare-earth iron-silicon alloy, a rare earth ferrosilicon magnesium Alloy as a spheroidizing agent for the production of rare earth ductile iron. Because this ductile iron is particularly suitable for the production of complex ductile iron parts with special requirements, it is widely used in machinery manufacturing such as automobiles, tractors and diesel engines; rare earth metals are added to magnesium and aluminum . Among the non-ferrous alloys such as copper , zinc and nickel , the physical and chemical properties of the alloy can be improved, and the mechanical properties of the alloy at room temperature and high temperature can be improved.
In the petrochemical industry: the molecular sieve catalyst made of rare earth has the advantages of high activity, good selectivity and strong resistance to heavy metal poisoning, thus replacing the aluminum silicate catalyst for the petroleum catalytic cracking process; in the process of ammonia production, A small amount of rare earth nitrate is used as a cocatalyst, and its treatment gas volume is 1.5 times larger than that of nickel-aluminum catalyst. In the process of synthesizing butadiene rubber and isoprene rubber, the product properties obtained by using naphthenic acid rare earth-triisobutyl aluminum catalyst are obtained. excellent, with less plastic hanging device, stable operation, the short post-treatment step, etc; composite rare earth oxides may also be used as internal combustion engine exhaust gas purifying catalyst, cerium naphthenate also be used as paint driers and the like.
In terms of glass ceramics: rare earth oxides or processed rare earth concentrates can be used as polishing powders for the polishing of optical glass, spectacle lenses, picture tubes, oscilloscope tubes, flat glass, plastic and metal tableware; In the glass making process, the cerium oxide can be used to have a strong oxidation effect on iron, and the iron content in the glass can be reduced to achieve the purpose of removing green in the glass; the addition of rare earth oxide can produce optical glass and special for different purposes. Glass, including glass that can pass infrared rays, absorb ultraviolet rays, glass that is resistant to acid and heat, glass that prevents X-rays, etc.; adding rare earth in ceramic glaze and enamel can reduce the fragmentation of glaze and make products appear Different colors and gloss are widely used in the ceramic industry. In terms of new materials: rare earth cobalt and lanthanum , iron, boron permanent magnet materials, with high remanence, high coercivity and high magnetic energy product, are widely used in the electronics and aerospace industries; pure rare earth oxides and ferric oxide The garnet-type ferrite single crystal and polycrystal can be used in the microwave and electronics industries; the yttrium aluminum garnet and bismuth glass made of high-purity cerium oxide can be used as a solid laser material; the rare earth hexaboride can be used for making electrons. The cathode material emitted; yttrium- nickel metal is a newly-developed hydrogen storage material in the 1970s; strontium chromate is a high-temperature thermoelectric material; in recent years, superconducting materials made of yttrium-based oxides modified by bismuth-copper oxide have been used in various countries around the world. Superconductors can be obtained in the liquid nitrogen temperature zone, which has made a breakthrough in the development of superconducting materials. In addition, rare earth is also widely used in lighting sources, projection TV phosphors, inductive screen phosphors, trichromatic phosphors, and copy lamp powders. In agriculture, the application of trace amounts of rare earth nitrate to field crops can increase production by 5%. ~10%; in the textile industry, rare earth chloride is also widely used in tanned fur, fur dyeing, yarn dyeing and carpet dyeing.
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