Know: "Drilling machine"

In the geological exploration process, the drilling equipment is used to drill physical geological data from underground cores, cores, rock fragments, liquid samples, and gaseous samples, which are referred to as drilling machines.

use

Drilling machines are used to drill a hole of a certain depth and diameter along a certain path from a certain angle from the ground surface and take out representative cores, cores or cuttings of the formation in order to achieve the exploration of underground geological and mineral resources and explore the mysteries of the earth. purpose. The drilling depth of drilling machines currently ranges from 2 meters to 15,000 meters and is divided into several grades. It can be used on land as well as on rivers, lakes, seas, and on the Moon. It plays an important role in human production and living activities.

Component parts

The drilling machine is mainly composed of 4 parts:

1 power machine

For the power source of the whole machine, use internal combustion engine, electric motor or hydraulic motor;

2 gyrator or power head

The gyrator is driven by the gearbox and the power head is driven by hydraulic pressure;

3 hole bottom pressurizing and feeding device

In general, hydraulic control is generally used. Through the digital indication of the instrument, the drill tool is pressurized or decompressed.

4 winches

It is a device for starting and boring drills. Some rigs use a long cylinder to drive the power head to operate the drill.

Mechanical classification

The classification of drilling rigs is also different due to the purpose of use, working ability, and different construction sites. According to the method of crushing rocks, it can be divided into: rotary drilling rigs, impact drilling rigs and impact rotary drilling rigs; according to the drilling depth can be divided into: surface sampling machine (2 ~ 50 meters), shallow hole drilling rig (50 ~ 300 meters), Deep-hole drilling rig (300-600 meters), deep-hole drilling rig (600-6000 meters), ultra-deep-hole drilling rig (6000-15000 meters); according to the use can be divided into: core drilling rig, hydrologic geological well drilling rig, oil drilling rigs, etc.; According to the construction site can be divided into surface rigs, tunnel rigs, submarine sunken rigs and so on.