Global energy has become an emergency, and energy-saving and emission-reducing automotive products have become kings, which has recently become a major trend in the light weight of automobiles. Reducing the quality of automobiles (lightweight cars) is one of the most effective measures for reducing fuel consumption and reducing emissions.
There is a new statistic in foreign countries. For every 100 kilograms of reduced car weight, you can drive 1 kilogram more per kilogram of oil. With reduced fuel consumption, emissions are reduced. It is understood that due to the broad market prospects in this area, the benefits of energy conservation and environmental protection are huge. Currently, there are forward-looking domestic well-known aluminum extrusion companies that are actively researching and developing related products.
With the promotion of the general trend of lightweighting of automobiles and other products, it can be expected that in the next 10 years, China's light metal casting market will have significant development. At present, the proportion of aluminum and magnesium alloy castings in major casting producing countries is between 13% and 19%, and some countries (such as Italy) are as high as 30% to 40%, while China’s aluminum and magnesium alloy castings account for The proportion is less than 10%.
At present, in light weight automotive technology, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys and other light metal materials, plastics, aluminum matrix composites, titanium alloys, etc. have applications. Among them, aluminum alloy has the advantages of light weight and strength, excellent processing performance, beautiful appearance, and can be recycled. It has less harm to the environment, as well as good thermal and electrical conductivity, and excellent corrosion resistance. Aluminium alloy forgings have been widely used in the suspension systems of limousines such as BMW and Mercedes, including control arm stays, beams, knuckles, and claws. Due to the superior performance and light weight of aluminum alloys, mid-size sedan cars have been partially adopted, and there is a trend of further development. For example, the Passat sedan has six tie rods on the front axle.
At present, one of the main reasons restricting the large-scale application of aluminum alloys in automobiles is that their price is higher than that of steel. In order to promote the large-scale application of aluminum alloys in automobiles, the cost of materials must be reduced. In addition to the development of low-cost aluminum alloys and advanced aluminum alloy forming processes, recycling and recycling technologies can further reduce the production costs of aluminum alloys. Another research direction for the expansion of aluminum alloy applications is the development of new connection technologies. The future development of multi-material structure cars requires the connection of two different types of materials (such as cast iron, aluminum, steel, aluminum, aluminum, magnesium, etc.). These connection technologies and surface treatment technologies for preventing corrosion of materials and parts are important topics for the future expansion of aluminum alloys in automobiles.
Aluminum is a green material, easy to recycle, and can be recycled. The energy saved by using aluminum is 6-12 times that of the primary aluminum used to produce the part. Domestic B-Class, C-Class and running cars have been successively developed and put on the market. This provides a very good market and application basis for aluminum alloys in automotive lightweight applications. At the same time, the application of automotive aluminum alloys is also for domestic B-Class vehicles. The C-Class, as well as the entire industry, provide a prerequisite for technical upgrading. Aluminum alloys currently used in automobiles include: aluminum alloy sheets for body coverings; cast aluminum parts; extruded profiles; forged aluminum alloys;
Increase the recycling of aluminum. Recycled aluminum is the main raw material for aluminum casting. While developing the foundry industry in China, we should pay attention to the utilization of recycled aluminum resources, develop technologies for effective separation of aluminum from composite materials and dissimilar materials, and establish a wide range of waste recycling systems. It is the best way to develop aluminum alloy parts at present, reduce costs, and make full use of them, which will make auto parts companies enter a virtuous cycle.
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