Hydrogen fluoride is a basic raw material for fluorine chemicals. There are more than 50 hydrogen fluoride production enterprises in China with an annual production capacity of 700,000 tons. It is understood that the current domestic and international facilities for the production of hydrogen fluoride are sulfuric acid and fluorite powder as raw materials, using converter production. The disadvantage of the converter method is that a small amount of fluorite powder covered with calcium sulfate does not come into contact with sulfuric acid and the reaction is incomplete. The unreacted fluorite powder and the resultant gypsum are mixed together to form a fluorogypsum waste residue. At the same time, temperatures as high as 500° C. in the furnace cause some of the sulfuric acid volatiles, decomposition products, and a small amount of fluorspar dust to enter the body of hydrogen fluoride gas, causing subsequent refining difficulties. In addition, this method is prone to leakage of fluorinated hydrogen in vitro, and the discharged fluorogypsum waste residue not only contains a small amount of fluorite powder, but also entrains a small amount of hydrogen fluoride gas, which easily causes environmental pollution.
In view of these problems in the converter method, hydrogen fluoride companies have introduced many new technologies from abroad in recent years. Although the output of single furnace has increased, there are still problems such as incomplete reaction, high unit product consumption, unstable quality, serious environmental pollution, and severe equipment corrosion.
According to reports, the low-temperature process also uses sulfuric acid and fluorite powder to produce hydrogen fluoride, but the process involves adding fluorite powder to a liquid reaction medium that has a certain degree of solubility to calcium fluoride. After stirring, the calcium fluoride is slightly dissolved. Sulfuric acid was added to carry out the reaction; the reaction was carried out in the liquid phase and under stirring, and the temperature was controlled to about 90°C by appropriate heating, and the reaction proceeded quickly. Since the low-temperature method is a liquid-phase reaction, no sulfuric acid decomposer or volatile matter enters the hydrogen fluoride gas body below 90° C., and the fluorite dust does not enter the hydrogen fluoride gas body, and calcium sulphate coating is not easily formed, and the purified hydrogen fluoride gas can be directly obtained and reacted. It's going fast and completely.
Compared with the traditional process, the low-temperature process has short process flow, low energy consumption, low investment, no waste of raw materials, low unit product consumption, and also avoids "three wastes" emissions, and economic and environmental benefits are all significant.
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