The deposit occurs in between amphibolite and biotite gneiss schist layer fissures, is a copper iron ore vein type copper zinc deposit. The deposit consists of eight veins, of which the No. 1 vein is the largest, the strike is more than 500 meters long, extending over 1000 meters, the thickness of the ore body is 5-15m, the thickness is 50m, and the inclination of the ore body is 45°～80°. The ore contains 1.7% copper, 2% zinc and 20% sulfur. The upper part of the ore body is mainly biotite quartz and sillimanite gneiss, the lower plate is injected biomica gneiss; the ore f=8～10, the surrounding rock f=12～14, the rock is stable, the joint is not Development, the boundary is relatively obvious, there is a large fault of 300m in the mining area, which intersects with the main ore body at an acute angle.
The main mining method is the horizontal layered tailings filling method on the long stopway arranged along the strike. The length of the stope is 100-180m; the length of the column is 4~8m, which is generally considered to be arranged in the vein or lean section. see picture 1.
Fig.1 Upward stratified filling method along the strike (long stope) of Hongtoushan Copper Mine
1-wind sheet; 2-dewatering well; 3-slide mine; 4-lifting well;
5-slope road; 6-filled partition wall; 7-drainage pipe; 8-dehydration tower;
9-collapsed pillar; 10-upward blasthole; 11-bonded bottom plate; 12-tailing backfill [next]
The height of the stage is 60m, the height of the bottom column is 6m, and the horizontal area of ​​the stope is 1000~1800m 2 . The mining layout is shown in Figure 2. The outer pulse path of the lower plate is a fold-back type, with a section of 2.8×3.5m and a slope of 1:5～1:7. The slope is connected with the horizontal entrance of the stope, the central lifting shaft of the stope, and the equipment materials are raised every 30~40m. Set up a smoothing mine (2 × 2m), two ventilation wells (also used as filling pipeline wells), 2 to 4 downstream filtration wells.
Figure 2 inclined stratified mining method
A-filling stage; b-falling stage; 1- self-propelled mine car; 2-pad; 3-trackless shipping equipment [next]
A stope is divided into two working sections, one of which is for mining and mining, and the other is for filling preparation and filling, so that the two working surfaces are alternately operated in parallel, which is beneficial to improve the recovery efficiency of the stop; two working faces The partition wall is constructed with tail sand grass bags.
The stratified mining height is 3m, and the YSP-45 rock drill is used to chisel the upward blasting hole. The hole depth is 3.5~4.0m, the blast hole inclination angle is 75°, the diameter of the boring head is 38mm, and the blastholes are staggered. The non-conducting squib micro-differential section is adopted. Blasting, blasting 100-150 blastholes at a time, each time the amount of ore falling is 1000-2000t, the ore deposit per metre is 2.0~2.8t, and the large block yield of more than 600×800mm is about 5%.
It is mined with LK-1 or LF4.1 type scraper, with an average working distance of 40-60m and a working efficiency of 150-180t.
The filling is carried out by the ground tailings filling preparation station through the pipeline at a capacity of 23 to 45 m 3 /h. When the tailings are filled to 2.6-3.0 m from the top plate, the tailings are cemented and filled, and the thickness is 0.3-0.5 m. The amount of cement per 100 m of cemented surface is 200-400 kg, and the uniaxial compressive strength is 1.1-4.9. MPa. Practice has shown that cemented paving is not only conducive to the operation of the scraper, but also improves the efficiency of rock drilling and mining, and can reduce the loss and depletion of the collected ore and improve the recovery rate of the ore .
The main technical and economic indicators are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Main technical and economic indicators of the upward stratified filling method
Mine name | Cutting ratio (m/kt) | Ore block production capacity (t/d) | Rock drilling | Mining | ||
equipment | Taiwan effect (meter / Taiwan class) | equipment | Taiwan effect (ton / shift) | |||
Where lead-zinc mine mouth | 4.4~4.8 | Panel 400~500 | YT-30 CTC-102 drilling rig Plutor | 43.9 48.9 100 | TORO-100DH scraper LF4.1 scraper | 167 246.7 |
Hongtoushan Copper Mine | 6.5~7.5 | 200~250 | YSP-45, 7655 | 74~125 Tons / shift | TORO-100DH LK-1 scraper LF-4.1 | 186~210 |
Huangshaping lead-zinc mine | 30.1 | 47 | YSP-45, YT-25 | 78.7 tons / shift | Electric raft 30kw | 80~100 |
Jiaojia gold mine | 17~18 | 30 | 7655 | 40 | Electric raft 14kw | 40 |
Jinchuan No. 2 Mining Area | 60~80 | YT-25 | Electric raft 30kw | |||
Fenghuangshan Copper Mine | 13.7 | 100~250 | BVK87/1800 drilling rig BBC-25W, BBC-16W | 60 | T 4 G | 80~100 |
Tonglushan Copper Mine | 2.5~3.5 | 130~180 | YSP-47 YT-25 | 85~105 45~65 | WI-1.5D or WJ-76 Electric scraper or T 4 G | 100~200 |
Big tea garden mine | 9.5 | 3287 tons / month | L832C drilling rig L400 rock drill | 98.9 | LF4.1 scraper | 167.1 |
711 mine | 55.5 | 01-45, YT-25 YT-30 | 28.8 | Electric pick 28~30kw | 59 | |
Mount Isa Lead-Zinc Mine (Australia) | 700 | Double drilling rig | 90~103 | ST-5 scraper | 58 | |
Strathcon Nickel Mine (plus) | Panel 700~950 | Double drilling rig AL-60 rock drill | 100~200 | ST-4A Scraper | 1500 tons / month | |
Rudna Copper Mine (wave) | Panel 4500 tons / month | Double drilling rig | LK-1, K-2 scraper, 15t automatic mine car | |||
Unfinished, see continued table 1 [next]
(Continued) Table 1
Mine name | Mining worker labor productivity (ton / work class) | Loss rate (%) | Depletion rate (%) | Main material consumption | cost | ||||
Cement (kg/t) | Wood (m 3 /t) | Explosives (kg/t) | Mining workshop (yuan/ton) | Direct cost (yuan/ton) | Filling cost (yuan/ m3 ) | ||||
Fankou lead-zinc mine | 30.96 | <4 | 13.8 | 50~60 | 0.385 | 30.5 | 11.06 | 30.94 | |
Hongtoushan Copper Mine | 24~31 | <5 | 18~27 | 14 | 0.8~1 | 0.36 | 25.83 | 2.18 | 13.07 |
Tongshaping lead-zinc mine | 7.47 | 3.14 | 18.75 | 33.65 | 4.72~6.38 | 11.65 | |||
Jiaojia Gold Mine | 4.78 | 15.2 | 17.8 | 42.5 | 3 | 0.3 | 7.14 | 14.0 | |
Jinchuan No. 2 Mining Area | 9~11 | 0.3~0.7 | 0.6~1.2 | 70~100 | 3~4 | 0.3 | 6~7 | 11~12 (yuan/ton) | |
Fenghuangshan Copper Mine | 10~15 | >20 | 6.1 (excluding the column) | 3.22 | |||||
Tonglushan Copper Mine | 12.4~16.4 | >20~30 | 3~5 | 14~16 | 0.16 | 0.24~0.25 | 21.5~26 | 3.4~4.7 | 21.3~24.6 |
Big tea garden mine | 10.9 | 2.8 | 11.4 | 0.522 | 32.4 | 12.0 | |||
711 mine | 4.62 | 3~5 | 10~13 | ||||||
Mount Isa Lead-Zinc Mine (Australia) | 130 | 10 | 10 | 0.18~0.20 | |||||
Strathcona Nickel Mine (plus) | 48 | 18 (excluding top and bottom columns) | |||||||
Rudna Copper Mine (wave) | Full member 8 tons / person class | 10~15 | 20 | ||||||
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