Recently, in order to thoroughly implement the "Guiding Opinions of the State Council on Actively Advancing the "Internet +" Action" (Guo Fa [2015] No. 40), the relevant state departments jointly issued the implementation plan of promoting "Internet +" convenient transportation to promote the development of intelligent transportation. (hereinafter referred to as the "Implementation Plan"), aiming at comprehensively promoting the wider and deeper integration of transportation and the Internet, speeding up the process of informationization and intelligence of transportation, and promoting the modernization of China's transportation industry.
As an important carrier of traffic travel, cars are also the core link in the transportation system, and they are the focus of attention in the Implementation Plan. The intelligentization and networking of automobiles have become an important direction for future development. The intelligentization of automobiles will help to improve their driving control and safety performance. The networking of automobiles is the basis for realizing traffic management and information services, and also for realizing automobiles. Intelligence provides important support. Actively deploy innovative technologies and applications of car networking and autonomous driving, and promote the development of intelligent and networked vehicles, which are of great significance for accelerating industrial transformation and upgrading, building industrial agglomeration and effectively solving energy consumption, environmental pollution and traffic congestion. .
Countries such as the United States, Europe and Japan have introduced relevant strategic plans to deploy car networking and autonomous driving. The United States has proposed the ITS Strategic Plan (2015-2019), which clarifies the two major development goals of intelligence and networking. It plans to invest 4 billion US dollars in 10 years to support research related to the field of vehicle networking and autonomous driving; the European Union has proposed the "ITS Development Action Plan" and the "European Future Traffic Research and Innovation Plan" to develop vehicle road coordination and active safety in the field of traffic safety. Road safety system and traffic informationization; Japan was led by the Cabinet Office to propose the "World's most advanced IT country creation declaration" and promoted the development of autonomous driving system research and development plan. In 2015, the Chinese government also put forward the "Made in China 2025" and "Internet +" development strategies, vigorously promote the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry and structural optimization and adjustment, and give play to the advantages of the automobile industry itself, large scale, strong driving effect and high degree of internationalization. To create a new round of scientific and technological revolution and the leading industry transformation and upgrading of China's manufacturing industry.
The "Implementation Plan" comprehensively expounds the important direction of the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry from the four dimensions of building an intelligent operation management system, strengthening the support of intelligent transportation infrastructure, comprehensively strengthening standards and technical support, and implementing the "Internet +" convenient transportation key demonstration project. The development trend of technology innovation and application promotion path of vehicle networking and autonomous driving, and the corresponding guiding policies and demonstration projects were clarified.
First, improve the level of intelligent car, build an intelligent operation management system "Implementation Plan" will develop and promote the application of intelligent vehicle-mounted facilities and autonomous vehicles as an important development task to improve the automation level of equipment and carriers.
As the basis for the development of intelligent and networked vehicles, the in-vehicle facilities promote the application of intelligent in-vehicle facilities integrating short-range communication, electronic identification, high-precision positioning and active control, which will help to enhance the car's perception and connection to the external environment. And the ability to control the interior of the car. In 2016, China's national science and technology major project "Core Electronic Devices, High-end General-purpose Chips and Basic Software Products" set up a research topic of "R&D and Industrialization of Vehicle Operating System Platform for Internet Vehicles", aiming at developing a vehicle operating system platform to realize automobiles. Integration of remote diagnostics, vehicle active safety, vehicle sharing and other systems. In addition, the “Implementation Plan†regards the development of autonomous vehicles as an important direction for the development of customized vehicles, and mentions the core technologies of automatic driving such as road coordination and autonomous perception. China's 2016 National Key R&D Program Pilot Project “Electric Vehicle Intelligent Technology†sets the foundation frontier of “Intelligent Electric Vehicle Information Sensing and Control Key Basic Issuesâ€, aiming to break through the core key technologies involved in smart car R&D, including Information security, complex environment perception, multi-source information fusion, autonomous driving decision-making methods, and human-machine interaction theory.
Second, strengthen the support of intelligent transportation infrastructure, build the next generation of traffic information infrastructure network "Implementation Plan" will "build the next generation of traffic information infrastructure network" as a key development task, proposed to accelerate the construction of vehicle networking, providing wireless access to the carrier Public services on the Internet, as well as road wireless communication networks based on next-generation Internet and dedicated short-range communications (LTE-V2X, DSRC, etc.).
In June 2015, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology approved Shanghai International Automobile City to undertake the first pilot network of intelligent networked vehicles in China. It is planned to build a pilot demonstration of intelligent networked vehicles covering 100 square kilometers of the entire automobile city through 3-5 years of construction and development. District, carry out the overall test of intelligent networked vehicles and smart transportation demonstration. In June 2016, the National Intelligent Network (Shanghai) Pilot Demonstration Zone closed test area opened, with GPS differential base stations, LTE-V2X communication base stations, DSRC and LTE-V2X roadside units, intelligent traffic lights and various cameras. The park road realizes the centimeter-level positioning of the Beidou system and the full coverage of WiFi, which can realize 29 kinds of test and demonstration conditions. With the continuous development of the intelligent network automobile industry, the pilot demonstration zone will carry out intelligent transportation infrastructure construction for China's cities, and enterprises, research institutions and organizations will provide environmental support and resource guarantee for vehicle networking and autopilot technology research and testing and evaluation.
Based on the practice of road wireless communication network deployment in the pilot demonstration area of ​​Shanghai, the Tsinghua University Vehicle and Road Collaborative Research Team supported the Wuhu Municipal Government to carry out the renovation of the central urban area, focusing on the transformation of the transportation infrastructure based on the vehicle networking system. Selecting ten typical intersections in the urban center of Wuhu City, installing roadside communication equipment, real-time data communication through roadside communication equipment and corresponding traffic infrastructure such as signal and microwave, providing speed guidance for vehicles carrying in-vehicle communication equipment , a variety of application services such as red light warning, vehicle collision avoidance, pedestrian collision avoidance.
Third, comprehensively strengthen standards and technology research, support vehicle networking and automatic driving development "implementation plan" clearly puts forward "combined technology research and test application, and promote the development of human-vehicle coordination (V2X) national communication standards and facilities and equipment interface specifications, And carry out standard setting work for the allocation of dedicated wireless frequency bands.
Countries such as the United States, Europe and Japan began to research the V2X technology of the Internet of Vehicles in the late 20th or early 21st century, and established a relatively complete technical standard system. Currently, the V2X system based on IEEE 802.11P is mainly promoted. In addition, the United States, Europe and Japan have identified a dedicated wireless frequency band for intelligent transportation systems. The United States uses the 5850MHz-5925MHz frequency band, the European Union uses the 5855MHz-5925MHz frequency band, and the Japanese uses the 755.5MHz-764.5MHz frequency band. China mainly supports the R&D and industrialization of LTE-V2X technology with independent intellectual property rights. LTE-V2X is a V2X-specific short-range communication technology based on LTE. At the beginning of 2015, 3GPP officially launched the technical requirements and standardization research based on LTE-V2X. China, Huawei, Datang and ZTE are all actively involved. At the beginning of 2015, 3GPP SA1 (Demand Working Group) carried out LTE-V2X demand research, which was completed in March 2016. At the beginning of 2016, 3GPP SA2 (Architecture Working Group) started WI, and it is expected to complete standardization by the end of 2016. In the LTE-V2X air interface research, the 3GPP RAN (Wireless Technology Working Group) launched the SI project in July 2015, which was completed in June 2016; in early 2016, the WI project was initiated for the through train communication (V2V), followed by In June 2016, the WI project of Vehicle Road Communication (V2I) was launched, and the standardization of V2V and V2I is expected to be completed in September 2016 and March 2017, respectively. At the same time, under the guidance of the competent departments of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Communications, many relevant research institutions, enterprises and organizations actively cooperated to jointly promote the construction of the standard system for the coordination of people and vehicles (V2X), the development of standard specifications and the study of dedicated wireless frequency bands. jobs.
On the basis of the formulation of technical standards, the “Implementation Plan†proposes to vigorously develop advanced technologies for intelligent transportation such as car networking and automatic driving. In 2016, China's “New Generation Broadband Wireless Mobile Communication Network National Science and Technology Major Project†set up two research topics: “LTE-V wireless transmission technology standardization and prototype research and development verification†and “5G key technology research and demonstration for autonomous drivingâ€. The aim is to increase support for research and development of traffic application technologies based on next-generation mobile communications and next-generation mobile Internet, and to overcome the road-to-vehicle cooperative communication technology for traffic safety and autonomous driving. In the future, China still needs to strengthen its own research on key technologies such as high-precision maps, positioning and navigation, sensing systems, intelligent decision-making and control, and automatic driving of core components; and strengthen big data and cloud computing to improve driving automation and speed up Utilization of traffic accident emergency handling capabilities, etc.
Fourth, the implementation of the "Internet +" convenient transportation key demonstration project "implementation plan" comprehensively consider the national strategy, regional conditions, market demand and other factors to form an "Internet +" convenient transportation key demonstration project, in infrastructure, functional applications, online and offline Support, such as docking, government-enterprise cooperation, new business, and typical cities. Key demonstration projects for car networking and autonomous driving are mainly concentrated in infrastructure and functional applications, including “New Generation National Traffic Control Network Demonstration Projectâ€, “Intelligent Transportation Core Technology Testing Platform and Experimental Outfield Construction Project†“Smart Road Demonstration Project†"Intellectual Vehicle and Intelligent Transportation Application Demonstration Project Based on Broadband Mobile Internet" and "Intelligent Transformation of Urban Traffic Signal Control System", please refer to the attached table of "Implementation Plan" for details. The implementation of the demonstration project will help to connect all aspects of the automotive, communications and transportation industries, and build a communication and docking platform for technology, products and application services, laying the foundation for the intelligent development of transportation.
Among them, the “Application Project for Intelligent Vehicle and Intelligent Transportation Application Demonstration Project Based on Broadband Mobile Internetâ€, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has signed a model cooperation framework agreement with local governments in Beijing (including Baoding), Chongqing and Zhejiang, and cooperated with the local government to carry out demonstration zone construction. In cooperation with the application project, more local governments with conditions in the future will also apply for new demonstration area construction. At the same time, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is exploring the construction of a demonstration zone that will work with relevant departments of the Ministry of Public Security to promote key cross-sectoral issues.
V. Concluding remarks "Promoting the implementation of "Internet +" convenient transportation to promote the development of intelligent transportation", taking into account the application needs of the intelligent transportation field, will actively promote the deep integration of transportation and the Internet, for the intelligentization and networking of automobiles The development of science and technology creates new historical opportunities and finally ushers in the great development of China's intelligent transportation industry.
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