Dai Xiuhu
CLC number: TD923 Document code: A
Skarn white tungsten, lead, zinc, copper sulfide gold multi-floor finishes Tungsten Baoshan beneficiation process plant mainly metal fine disseminated ore. The white tungsten special grade product is a special grade concentrate which was successfully researched and developed by the mine in the early 1980s. The product quality has been in an advantageous position compared with the same type of products at home and abroad. In 1984, it won the national gold medal for quality products. Since the white tungsten special grade flotation process is a first-class class I concentrate processed into a special grade concentrate, the processed tailings (low-grade white tungsten) are difficult to sell and the price is low. From May to October every year, it is necessary to produce 100-160 tons of white tungsten special grade concentrate for export. Therefore, how to improve the recovery rate of the work of the white tungsten special grade production process is of great significance.
1. Raw ore properties
The Baoshan mining area is a skarn-type scheelite deposit. Metallic minerals scheelite, galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, pyrite; gangue minerals hedenbergite, fluorite, garnet, quartz, actinolite , calcite and so on.
The scheelite and sulphide ore are symbiotic, especially in sync with pyrrhotite. In quartz, a small amount of monomeric scheelite is produced. The scheelite has a particle size of usually 0.1 to 0.2 mm, a maximum of 0.64 mm, and a minimum of 16 μm.
2, production status
2.1 Principle Process
The principle of grinding and floating principle adopted by the plant is shown in Figure 1. A section of closed-circuit grinding, first copper-leaf flotation, flotation of white tungsten, enhanced desulfurization before white tungsten flotation, and then a first-class class I using normal temperature flotation process. White tungsten concentrate. According to the needs of users, the first class I concentrate is processed into special grade concentrate. The process is heated flotation, which further improves the main grade and reduces the impurity content. The principle process is shown in Figure 1.
2.2 Production Status
The production process of the white tungsten special grade flotation process is that the white tungsten first-class class I concentrate is first heated by a Ф1000mm×1000mm mixing drum, and a flotation process of one rough selection, three selections and two sweeps is adopted. Since the production of special grade products, the grade of scheelite concentrate can reach 72%-75%, the main impurity content Pb<0.02%, S<0.05%, other impurity content meets the user's requirements. Although the recovery rate of white tungsten special grade products has increased greatly in the early stage of production, it is still low, which seriously affects the economic benefits of enterprises. The statistical results of the production index of white tungsten special grade flotation in 1998 are shown in Table 1.
It can be seen from Table 1 that the monthly highest recovery rate is 91.21%, and the lowest recovery rate is 89.62%. The average production period is 90.42%. Through on-site investigation, and based on the nature of the ore and the floatability of scheelite and the results of multiple sampling tests, it is confirmed that the process of flotation of white tungsten special grade is reasonable and can fully meet the production needs. . The main problem is the mineral processing pharmacy system, which focuses on the addition of oxidized paraffin soap collectors and the reduction of the amount of water glass inhibitors.
Table 1 Production index of white tungsten special grade flotation in 1998/%
month | Concentrate grade | Job recovery rate |
6 7 8 9 10 average | 72.38 73.41 73.13 72.56 73.45 73.08 | 89.62 90.14 90.25 91.21 90.73 90.42 |
Figure 1 grinding principle float process
3. Industrial test
Through the current situation investigation and analysis and research, in May 1999, an industrial test was conducted on the flotation of white tungsten special grade products. This industrial test mainly studies the addition of oxidized paraffin soap collector, and can reduce sodium sulfide, water glass and cyanide. The amount of inhibitor such as sodium. [next]
3.1 collector industrial test
Since the slurry is stirred at 80 ° C for a long time, the inhibitors of sodium sulfide, sodium cyanide and water glass have stronger inhibition effect on the gangue, and relatively weaken the residual oxidized paraffin soap collector in the upper flotation process. The ability to capture. The white tungsten special grade flotation process has not added oxidized paraffin soap collector for many years, and the product quality is much higher than the user's quality standard. Therefore, in order to improve the recovery rate of the beneficiation operation, the appropriate amount of oxidized paraffin soap collector is added. feasible. An industrial test for the addition of oxidized paraffin soap to the sweeping I. Table 2 shows the results of industrial tests for different amounts of oxidized paraffin soap under the same conditions of other inhibitors.
Table 2 Industrial test results of oxidized paraffin soap collector (for work)
Inhibitor dosage / (kg · t -1 ) | Oxide paraffin soap / (kg·t -1 ) | Concentrate grade /% | Recovery rate/% |
Sodium sulfide 10.0 Sodium hydride 0.02 Water glass 6.5 | 0.25 0.5 1.0 | 72.87 71.85 69.29 | 92.06 94.77 96.31 |
The results in Table 2 show that the flotation effect is best when the amount of oxidized paraffin soap is 0.5kg/t, the concentrate grade is 71.85%, and the operation recovery rate is 94.77%. It can be seen that the addition of the oxidized paraffin soap collector has significantly improved the recovery rate of the flotation operation, and can ensure the product quality and meet the requirements of the user.
3.2 Inhibitor Industrial Test
Another key factor in achieving improved recovery of white tungsten special grade flotation operations is the reduction in the amount of water glass inhibitors used. Water glass is a good inhibitor of silicate and carbonate gangue minerals. However, the greater the amount of water glass, the more obvious the inhibition of scheelite, and the worse the selectivity. A variety of inhibitors were selected for this test, and their inhibitory effects were studied in detail. Table 3 shows the results of flotation tests for different amounts of water glass under the same conditions of other chemicals.
Table 3 Industrial test results of water glass inhibitors (for work)
Inhibitor dosage / (kg · t -1 ) | Oxide paraffin soap / (kg·t -1 ) | Concentrate grade /% | Recovery rate/% |
Sodium sulfide 10.0 Sodium hydride 0.02 Oxide paraffin soap 0.5 | 6.5 5.0 3.5 | 71.92 71.18 69.45 | 94.52 96.04 96.63 |
The results in Table 3 show that the inhibition effect is the best when the water glass dosage is 5.0kg/t, the concentrate grade is 71.18%, and the operation recovery rate is 96.04%. It can be seen that the appropriate reduction of the amount of water glass inhibitor can significantly improve the flotation selectivity of scheelite and achieve the purpose of improving the recovery rate of white tungsten special grade flotation operation.
4, production practice
Scheelite and phosphorus because of containing impurities calcite, and high phosphorous, hydrochloric States must dephosphorization treatment, after removal of these impurities, scheelite concentrate grade that will significantly improve. Therefore, the WO 3 grade of the white tungsten special grade concentrate does not have to reach more than 72%. Appropriate reduction of the tungsten concentrate grade is conducive to the improvement of the recovery rate of the white tungsten special grade flotation operation, and the product quality can meet the requirements of the user.
According to the industrial test conditions of collectors and inhibitors, the optimal process parameters of white tungsten special grade flotation were determined through practice and repeated tests. After the end of the industrial test, the pharmaceutical system used was transferred to production. Table 4 shows the statistical data of the 1999 white tungsten special grade flotation production index.
It can be seen from Table 4 that the monthly highest recovery rate is 96.75%, the minimum operation recovery rate is 94.80%, and the average production period is 96.16%. Compared with 1998, the operation recovery rate is increased by 5.74%, the technical index is excellent, and the economic benefit is obtained. Significant.
Table 4 Production index of white tungsten special grade flotation in 1999
month | Concentrate grade | Job recovery rate /% |
5 6 7 8 9 10 average | 72.09 71.28 71.16 71.13 71.25 71.31 71.27 | 94.80 95.89 96.33 96.75 96.44 96.32 96.16 |
5 Conclusion
By adding oxidized paraffin soap collector, the amount of water glass inhibitor is reduced, and the goal of improving the recovery rate of white tungsten special grade flotation operation is achieved. In 1999, the production index of white tungsten special grade concentrate contains WO 3 grade of 71.27%. The recovery rate is 96.16%. Compared with 1998, the recovery rate of the operation is increased by 5.74%, and the concentrate grade is reduced by 1.81%. However, the product quality after acid leaching meets the requirements of users, indicating the research on improving the recovery rate of white tungsten special grade products. Production practices are successful and significant economic benefits.
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